Beyond Network Economics
Strategy 3.0
The Cultural Dividend and why the
leading theory of value creation needs an update
Roger Martin, Roger L. Martin Inc.
Mikkel Krenchel, Partner at ReD Associates
As Thomas Kuhn admonished us, when application of the dominant theory turns up important anomalies that it can’t explain, it’s time to consider other theories. Network economics has been the dominant theory of winning in business for
at least 40 years. But important anomalies, including TikTok and Hermès have arisen suggesting that we need a theory that goes beyond network economics, and its core premise that the key to winning is accumulating more customers or users than the competition. We call the theory the Cultural Dividend.
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Acknowledgments:
This article is the outcome of in-depth discussions with a wide range of executives and thinkers including colleagues at ReD and participants in our Strategy 3.0 roundtables – hosted in New York, Paris, Copenhagen, and San Francisco – who pro- vided input on early drafts. Special thanks to Matthew Janney for editing the piece and to Charlotte Vangsgaard who, among other contributions, coined the term Cultural Dividend.